There are more refugees and internally displaced people around the world than ever before. Conflict is the main driver, but hunger, poverty and persecution for beliefs or sexual orientation also push people from their homes. Often they are seeking safety, a new beginning or the chance to reunite with family and friends.
Resettling refugees abroad is a complex process that requires time and effort. It is vital that governments put the needs of people first, and support refugee communities by promoting social inclusion and providing quality education and job opportunities. It is equally important to help families and individuals deal with the mental health challenges that may arise. Mental health problems such as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are common among displaced persons and can worsen if not addressed.
Many refugees live in informal settlements in their host countries and face constant security threats, as well as the risk of further displacement. They are deprived of the freedoms of movement and work, and often have limited access to food, water and basic health services. They have lost their homes, possessions, jobs and relatives. They have endured violence, human rights violations and in some cases been tortured.
Destabilization and violence increase when the desperation of refugees is exploited by regional political players. Western states with security interests in the region can be tempted to use refugees as bargaining tools in negotiations, and host governments that cannot afford to meet the needs of their population are more likely to cut humanitarian aid.